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Start Up Your Yam Farming Business With This Basic Knowledge



How Arable Is Nigerian Soil For Yam Production?

Nigeria is by far the world’s largest producer of yams, accounting for over 70–76 percent of the world production. According to the Food and Agricultural Organization report, in 1985, Nigeria produced 18.3 million tonnes of yam from 1.5 million hectares, representing 73.8 percent of total yam production in Africa.

According to 2008 figures, yam production in Nigeria has nearly doubled since 1985, with Nigeria producing 35.017 million metric tonnes with value equivalent of US$5.654 billion. In perspective, the world's second and third largest producers of yams, Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana, only produced 6.9 and 4.8 million tonnes of yams in 2008 respectively.

According to the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Nigeria accounted for about 70 percent of the world production amounting to 17 million tonnes from land area 2,837,000 hectares under yam cultivation.

There you have it – there are no better lands than Nigeria’s to cultivate Yam

Is There Any Specific Specie of yam That Grows Better and Profitable For Business?

Yam, a tropical crop in the genus Dioscorea has only 6 out Of 600 that are economically important staples. These are: Dioscorea rotundata (white guinea yam), Dioscorea alata (yellow yam), Dioscorea bulbifera (aerial yam), Dioscorea esculant (Chinese yam) and Dioscorea dumetorum (trifoliate yam).
Out of these, Dioscorea rotundata (White yam) and Dioscorea alata (Water yam) are the most common species in Nigeria and are grown in the coastal region in rain forests, wood savanna and southern savanna habitats.

 Are There Enough Opportunity To Start A Yam Farming Business?

Yam is in the class of roots and tubers that is a staple of the Nigerian and West African diet, which provides some 200 calories of energy per capita daily. 

In Nigeria, in many yam-producing areas, it is said that "yam is food and food is yam". However, the production of yam in Nigeria is substantially short and cannot meet the growing demand at its present level of use hence an opportunity for you to explore.
Five hundred by five hundred meters size of farmland could yield you 50,000 tubers of yam which is valued at N10 million ($50,000) at one dollars per yam.

This is a golden opportunity for any serious farmer who would like to take advantage of this season to cultivate yam in large quantity. Apart from selling locally, yam can be exported to the United States of America, United Kingdom, Netherlands, France, Germany, and even Japan.

The remaining of this article will focused on “White Guinea Yam”(Dioscorea rotundata)  the popular species cultivated in West Africa.

1. Locate A Suitable Land For Farming 

Yams prefer growing in upland and they should be planted in a well-drained field. Optimum yields are obtained from sandy loam and silt loam soil although acceptable yields are also obtained from clay loam soils, particularly those high in organic matter. While some yams does relatively well on stony soil, it is however not advisable to plant yam on stony hard soil.
Forest lands in most tropical region offers ideal environment for growing yam both in soil quality and climate conditions.  


·    
Land being prepared for Yam cultivation

 2. Preparation Of Land

Properly clear the bush and burn the grasses with fire at the appropriate time, way before the planting time. Yam is best planted within the months of February and April when the rainy season is just beginning. These are the best periods for land preparation.

·         After the bush had been cleared, make hips of loose soil of about one meter in height and one meters apart. Ridged bed types are also good for yam planting. When the latter is used, the ridges should be constructed one meters apart. In the case of sloping or rolling fields, construction of ridges should follow the contour to minimize soil erosion. This is essential in yam farming. 

While making the ridges, it is important to remove any hard objects that could hinder the growth of the yam tuber.



Preparation Of Mini Sett from a tuber

3. Preparation Of Sett

Setts are whole tubers or tuber that is cut in pieces used for planting. If the tuber is small, it can be planted whole, but if it is big, it has to be cut in pieces to the size of 60g to 100g. As a rule, the bigger the sett used, the higher is the expected yield but shouldn’t be too big, else, you will be wasting resources.

Setts should be taken from healthy tubers of healthy plants. Appropriate sett sizes are not sliced while larger tubers are sliced into the desired sett size so that each sett has sufficient skin surface area. Thus, four types of setts are obtained and are named according to their positions on the tuber as follows: head setts, middle setts and tail setts for the tuber pieces and whole setts for the whole tubers.
Cut sides of the setts are treated with ash or with fungicide and air dried. After air drying, setts are either pre-sprouted or planted directly. 

4. Pre-Sprouting Of Setts

Because the emergence period of most freshly prepared setts in the field lasts from three to twelve weeks, it is desirable to pre-sprout the setts before they are planted. This procedure assures the emergence of setts when planted and minimizes expenses on weeding before sett emergence. 
 
To pre-sprout a sett, a shallow ditch is dug in a clear shaded area under trees, under bananas, or under a shed constructed for the purpose. Setts are placed side by side in the ditch and covered with dry grasses or dry banana leaves. In cases where no ditch is dug, the setts can be placed side by side on the ground instead.

Setts are grouped according to type. For setts cut from large tubers, the orientation is either skin up or crown sideways. Setts can be covered with a thin layer of soil and are watered at least once a week until all the setts have produced sprouts.
With sett pre-sprouting, it may be desired to stagger planting and land preparation since setts do not sprout at the same time. In general, whole setts and head setts sprout ahead of other sett types.
Planting pre-sprouted setts can, however, also be done at one time.


  •  Preparation of pre-sprouted setts for staggered planting 
To prevent sprouts from becoming too long, setts that have already sprouted are removed from the pre-sprouting seedbed and placed on a platform in a shady place. The process is repeated every week until the desired number of sprouted setts is obtained.
The sprouted setts on the platform are not watered. Setts should be planted before sprouts become very long.
The same procedure is performed for setts intended for the second and succeeding plantings. This is especially the case for yam farming in West Africa
  •  Preparation of pre-sprouted setts for single planting.
The procedure followed in single planting is essentially the same as that used in preparing setts for staggered planting. The former is done only after most, if not all, setts have produced sprouts. By this time some sprouts which may have grown quite long should be trimmed before the setts are planted.

5. Planting Procedures

The usual planting time for white yam is March to April, depending on the time the tuber dormancy is broken, as indicated by the sprouting of tubers under storage and upon start of rain in a particular area. This means that you have to start the pre-sprouting process well ahead of the planting time, at least for 3 weeks
Like I said before, the distance between the planted yam should be 1m x 1m and at a depth of about 10cm. When planting coincides with a dry spell, setts are planted in any orientation about 15 cm deep if the field will not be mulched. About 20,000 to 27,778 setts are needed for one hectare of farmland.
Pre-sprouted setts. Setts are usually planted at the start of rain if the field cannot be irrigated or will not be mulched. The same planting distance and depth for non-pre-sprouted setts are used. When planting, setts should be oriented so that sprouts are up. To achieve this, the cut surface has to face the ground.
In staggered planting, the field is divided into four up to six sections – a section for a batch of setts ready for planting. The size of each section and the time each section is prepared is guided by the rate of sprouting of setts.

Mulching The Ridges

In order to reduce soil temperature, conserve soil moisture and suppress weed growth, it is preferable to mulch the field where the yams are planted.
Mulching  is essential during October–November with dry grass or plant debris weighed down with balls of mud. Dosage of fertilizer application, as essential, is decided after chemical analysis of the soil samples.
 Dry coconut fronds, corn stalks, rice straw and other similar materials may be used as mulch. If rice straw or similar material that rot readily is used, the mulch is made thick (about 10 cm) so that it will not rot completely within four or five months.

For yam farming and to further to protect the soil from excessive loose of moisture, mulching tends to add some nutrient to the soil from the decaying materials used.

Weed Control

Manual weeding by hoeing is done three or four times depending on the rate of weed growth. The number of times a yam farm needs to be weeded depends on the use of pre-sprouted setts, the application of mulch and the rate of weed growth. If non-pre-sprouted setts are used and the field is not mulched, two to three weeding operations are needed before the yam canopy covers the space between rows to partially suppress weed growth. If pre-sprouted setts are used and the field is mulched, at most only two weedings performed about two months apart are needed.

Weeding of the field is essential and maintaining a 2–3 metres (6 ft 7 in–9 ft 10 in) weed free border around the field is to be ensured. Disease resistant [cultivars] are normally recommended for use.  

Handtools are the only method I recommend.  Use of other methods such as animal powered plows are dangerous to the plans as the  vines may get damaged in the process. Use of herbicides may be acceptable in some areas.

Replanting (Replacing Dead Yams)

Some amount of sett mortality can be expected, particularly in while Guinea yam when non-presprouted setts are used for planting. Thus replanting is done, usually about two months after the original planting.
Hills with no sprouts are checked to see if there are rotten setts which should be removed and replaced with new ones. Un-Sprouted setts that did not rot should not be replaced because they still can produce sprouts later on.

Staking The Yam Vines

Plants are staked before vines start crawling on the ground. The recommended stake length is five to ten meters and a stake to every plant. Bamboo poles are the most desirable staking material, similar material that can support the yam vines for at least seven months can be used as stakes. There are various methods of staking, three of the more popular ones are as follows:
  • Trellis method. This stake setup is not very stable and requires more materials to support the stakes (posts and tie wire). However, weeding and hilling up operations using animal-drawn implements can be done easily under this setup.
  • Modified trellis method. With this method, ground spaces under the stake arch need not be weeded as the foliage becomes dense. Also, stakes formed in this manner provide stable support. However, weeding and hilling up operations that utilize animal-drawn implements cannot be done under the arches.
  • Pyramid method. This staking method has the advantages and disadvantages of the modified trellis method. In addition, it requires fewer, though sturdier, materials for stake construction and requires lesser amount of labor to construct. On the other hand, it has an additional disadvantage because yams grown under this method usually yield lower than those grown under the modified trellis method of yam farming.

Training The Vines

The water yam (Dioscorea alata) vine twines to the right while that of white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata) twines to the left. When vines start crawling on the ground, they are trained to climb their respective stakes. They are trained again when long branches start crossing the rows or when weeding operation is about to be done.

Fertilizer Application

A hectare of water yam is able to remove about 128 kg nitrogen, 17 kg phosphorous and 162 kg potassium from the soil. This represents more or less its fertilizer requirements. In the case of white yam, no information is available regarding the amount of nutrients it can remove from the soil. However, like other yams, its fertilizer requirements should be similar to that of water yam.
The level of soil fertility in the field and the amount of fertilizer that need to be added can be determined by submitting the soil samples to the any agricultural institute or to IITA for analysis. The assistance of the local Farm Management Technician should be sought regarding this.
  • ·   Application of inorganic fertilizer. The recommended amount of fertilizer is split into two, one-half applied about one month after emergence and the other half applied about two months after the first application. The band method of fertilizer application is used, with the fertilizer being placed about 10 cm away from the plants.
  • ·         Application of compost. Yams respond well to organic fertilizers like compost – a mixture of decayed organic matter composed of plant parts and animal manures. The compost is mixed with the soil while the field is being prepared or it is placed just below the spot where setts are to be planted.

Covering Exposed Tubers

As tubers elongate rapidly towards the end of the growing period of the plants, some tubers tend to heave, thereby causing them to be exposed to the sun. Heavy rains also expose the tubers. Exposed tubers should be covered with soil to prevent them from greening. Greening could make it to become inedible in some cases.

Harvesting Time And Method  

West and Central Africa tubers are planted between February and April, depending on whether in humid forest or on the savanna, and are harvested 180 to 270 days later.

Care is needed during harvesting to minimize damage to tubers that lead to rot and a decrease in market value. Harvested tubers normally stay dormant (do not develop sprouts) for 30 to 120 days depending on environmental conditions, the date of harvest, and the species. This means that only one crop cycle is possible per year, possibly restricting supply.

Harvesting is done before the vines become dry and soil becomes dry and hard. Generally, a yield of 10–15 tonnes per ha for white yam and 16–25 tonnes for water yam are obtained by following prescribed management practices.

Yams are ready for harvest when its foliage is already yellowing or drying up. The yellowing or drying up period of the foliage usually starts in late November and lasts until February the following year. Tubers, especially those intended to be used as setts for next season’s planting are harvested at the later part of the period. Tubers intended for consumption or for the market are sometimes harvested earlier, even before foliage yellowing sets in.
 
A hoe or a similar handtool is used to dig around the tuber to loosen it from the soil. Then the tuber is lifted and clinging soil particles are removed. The vine is cut at the base to complete the harvesting.
For sandy soil, sturdy stick sharpened at one end is sometimes used to dig out the tuber. For clay soil and for varieties with deeply buried tubers, other specialized harvesters like shovel may be used. Whatever tool is to be used to harvest the tubers, it is important that care should be exercised so as not to injure yam while digging as that may reduce the market value and hasten its decay.

After tubers are cleaned, they are collected and placed in rattan baskets or bamboo or wooden crates lined with soft materials such as banana leaves, paper or grass straw. Healthy and diseased tubers are placed in separate containers.
The tubers are arranged in the container in two to four layers, depending on tuber size, and a soft material that can serve as cushion is placed between layers and in the spaces between tubers in a layer. The container is then covered with paper or banana leaves and a string net is woven over the mouth of the container if the tubers are to be transported immediately to the market. No cover is provided for the container if the tubers are to be transported to a nearby storage place.

Warehouses where they are stored should be made rodent proof with a metal base and wire netting. Rotten buds and sprouted buds should be removed

When you are done harvesting, take your product to the market and make sales. Yam farming is lucrative as yam is a very important commodity in the market and sells very fast.
And there you have it, a comprehensive guide on how to make a living via planting and harvesting of Yam.

Some of the information in this yam farming article was provided by:
Visayas Consortium for Agriculture and Resources Program,Visayas State University, ViSCA, Baybay City, Leyte, 6521-A Philippines.

Ten Signs You're More Successful Than You Think



Have you tried your best and all seems not working out as planned? Have put in all your best and the results aren't yielding like you envisaged as at when expected and you feel so depleted and low on confidence thinking you are a failure already?

Here are ten signs you're more successful than you might think you are:

1. If you know or are on the road to figuring out how you can make enough money to stay alive, you are successful. The more you know about your own income-generating potential, the more successful you are. If you have a great job right now but no idea what you'd do if the job disappeared, you cannot consider yourself successful as a new-millennium working person — because you are too vulnerable to changing circumstances in that case.

2. If you know what you love to do and what you're good at, you are successful. You are less successful if you let other people — bosses, in particular — tell you what your career path should be.

3. You are successful if you have been knocked down by fate once or twice and have bounced back. The real world is not going to stop surprising us. We all need to grow muscles to be able to handle adversity. Your ability to deal with the ups and downs of your life and career is your power!

4. You are successful if you take responsibility for your life and career. If you blame your problems on other people or the Big Bad World in general, then you are still working to become successful. Successful people know they are not victims of fate. They take control of their own lives!

5. If you get the learning out of every mishap and misstep on your path, you are successful. If you complain about every negative thing that happens to you and never see your part in disappointments or frustrations, you have a ways to go.

6. If you understand that every step along your path brought you to this place and therefore needed to happen, you are successful. If you waste your precious mojo worrying about things you did or didn't do years ago, you are squandering the most precious fuel you've got.

7. If you keep trying things even when you're tired and discouraged, you are successful. If you give up and tell yourself and the world "This is too hard, and anyway I don't deserve more than I have right now" you are still seeking success.

8. You are successful if you find joy in little things and celebrate every triumph, even when other things in your life aren't going well.

9. You are successful when you remember that the point of life is the journey, not the destination.

10. You are successful when you have people around you who support and love you and vice versa.

You have everything you need to rock your job search and find a job that uses your talents even more than your old job did. You get to brand yourself however it suits you. You get to choose which employers and which jobs to go after.

All the big choices are yours! You are the star and director of your movie. The rest of us are cheering you on!

Courtesy: FORBES / Liz Ryan is CEO/founder of Human Workplace and author of Reinvention Roadmap
. 

20 REASONS 90% OF JOB APPLICANTS LIKE YOU WERE NOT CALLED BACK


Have you been seeking desperately for a job and you observe you just keep coming up short? Despite all that you do, does every attempt you make seem to fail and you are right now at that point of quitting? No... it isn't time to quit yet.

But have you sat down to wonder why you have not been called back? Not long ago, I was right where you are. I was all over the place, running here and there looking for the magic pill to help me. Then it hit me. Have you ever noticed that some people always seem to have employers chasing them? If you are like me, you probably wondered, what's their secret?

I took time to study people who were successful at gaining employment and what they were doing. In every case, I confirmed there were secret tips and hidden knowledge that made the difference.

Knowing what not to do is the first step in learning how to perform a successful job search. The following is a list of the 20 sure ways to avoid being hired. Please make sure that you take advantage of this tremendous information that is so powerful to catapult your efforts to gaining your next job.

A placement office of a major university have here listed 20 reasons that are most frequently given by employers for turning down job applicants. As you read the reasons for rejection given below, ask yourself how you would rate in relation to each.

1. Poor personal appearance.

2. Overbearing, over-aggressive, proud, with superiority or know-it-all complex.

3. . Failure to communicate plainly, poor audibilty, diction, grammar.

4. Lack of plans for career, not purpose driven or goal-oriented.

5. Visibly low level of interest and enthusiasm, passive and indifferent.

6. Short of confidence and poise, nervous, lack of self-belief.

7. Failure to participate in tasks either routine or specialized.

8. Over-emphasis on how much to be paid; interested only in best Naira offers.

9. Poor Academic record.

10. Unwilling to start from the scratch; expects too much too soon.

11. Makes excuses, evasive, hedges on unfavorable factors in record.

12. Lack of tact.

13. Display of immaturity.

14. Lack of courtesy, ill mannered.

15. Castigation of past employers.

16. Evading the eyes of the interviewer when conversing.

17. Limp, fishy handshake.

18. Hesitation, Indecision

19. Unhappy married life / Friction with parents.

21. Sloppy application, left blank.

 Many of these listed items are completely under your direct control and most surface during the interview stage. Study this list again and again and focus on items that describe you and immediately go to work to control for them.


 Remember, most often it is usually the simple things that eliminate most applicants.

20+1 Sure & Legit Ways To Make Money Online 2

In the first part of this post, i brought to you the first 10 Sure & Legit Ways To Make Money Online and this concluding 11 part sums it all up

#11 — Write Articles For Other Sites
Last, but certainly not least, is article writing. Depending on your skill level when it comes to writing, you could always find work writing articles for other people. At the outset, this won't pay you much, especially if you have little in the way of examples or portfolio pieces. But, like anything else, you can build this up over time.
You could also do a number of other things related to writing such as copywriting for descriptions, emails, or other sales-related content. Do your due diligence to find out what the going rates are for writing articles, and even try to find a mentor if you're serious about making money online through this method.
#12 — Drive For Uber Or Lyft
If you live in an area where Uber or Lyft operate, why not become a driver? If you're looking to make some short-term cash, you can definitely rake it in by working for one of these popular car-hire apps. As long as your vehicle fits within the specifications of their program, and you have a clean license, you could do this on the side, especially if you're in a crunch for cash.
Treat your guests right and offer them perks that other drivers don't offer, simply because you want to deliver a lot of value. You might not get that much out of it from the outset, but it will set you apart from all the other drivers and your reviews will be indicative of just that.
#13 — Build An Amazon FBA Business
If you want to go directly to the world's largest online retailer, consider setting up a Fulfilled-by-Amazon (FBA) business. Amazon will pick, pack and ship your orders, and you'll have enormous exposure to a buzzing marketplace where products are selling every second.
Clearly, there's a lot of demand on Amazon, and if any product is going to sell, it's going to sell well on Amazon. But the goal here is to source the right products that will easily sell at the world's largest online retailer. Generally, products between $10 and $50 sell very well here. Just be sure to do the right market research before jumping on this bandwagon.
#14 — Sell Photos Online
If you're at all into photography, and you have a cache of nice photos, you could consider selling them through sites like Shutterstock and iStockPhoto, two of the biggest photo resources online. It doesn't take too much effort to do this, but it does take creativity and persistence to succeed with it.
You'll find serious competition when trying to sell photos online, but this is also a great method for generating passive income. If you can license your images or sell them as stock photography, you won't have to do any additional work to generate income from that sale once the photos have been posted online. Just collect your payments.
#15 — Sell Products On Etsy
Etsy is a great resource for those that enjoy making their own products and selling them online. If you're into hand-crafted items and you have a penchant for creating killer goods and wares that people just have to have, then you might want to consider setting up an Etsy shop and selling through a massive online portal.
Etsy is a great way to go directly to where all the consumers are congregating. While the company will take a small fee to list your products, along with fees to process the transaction itself, it is easier than setting up your own transactional website. Do some research on the top sellers and try to emulate their success.
#16 — Use Shopify To Build Your Own Online Store
Don't want to sell through Etsy? You could always build your own online store using a platform like Shopify. Shopify makes it easy to build a transactional website without all the hassle, which takes much of the guesswork out of doing what some would consider a highly-complex task.
The company markets their services with being able to start selling online in seconds. Well, it might not work that fast, but you could most certainly get a good transactional website up and running within minutes or hours.
#16 — Answer Professional Questions 
Are you a professional in a field that can help answer questions for people looking for your expertise? Websites like JustAnswer and LivePerson match you up with people looking for answers to technical or professional questions. You can make money online by simply answering these questions and providing the right information to people based on their individualistic circumstances.
Depending on your area of knowledge, you could either make a lot of money or just a little bit by answering questions professionally. Do your due diligence before signing up to any website where you're providing answers in exchange for money and be sure that it's a reputable source.
#17 — Develop Educational Courses On Udemy
One of my absolute favorite sites for selling educational courses is Udemy. In fact, you can check out the courses that I have for sale on the site here. Udemy is a great place to build out technical courses that will teach people how to do some complicated task or learn some sought-after skill.
In my courses, I teach things like web development, search engine optimization and graphic design, but you can teach just about anything on Udemy. However, there is enormous competition on here, but it's a great source of passive income if you can create a course that people will love.
#18 — Create Video Tutorials On YouTube
This is definitely a long-term strategy, and you won't get rich overnight by doing this, but creating engaging and well-thought-out video tutorials and posting them on sites like YouTube could make you a significant amount of passive income in the long term depending on just how well-received those videos might be.
Find a niche and stick to it. Build a YouTube channel and find something that you can do that will add a whole lot of value to the people that might be interested in that field or niche. However, keep in mind that this will require a significant amount of time and upfront investment before this pays off at all.
#19 — Become A Virtual Assistant
While becoming a virtual assistant won't pay you enormous amounts of money, if you're looking to be a digital nomad in a city with a low cost-of-living, this could be something that pays your bills. This will require a significant amount of organization and some technical skills as well to succeed.
As long as you have the basics covered with programs like Word, Excel and PowerPoint, for example, and you're an effective communicator, able to stick to deadlines, you might find yourself excelling as a virtual assistant.
#20 — Teach Others As A Virtual Tutor
Want to teach others directly? You can become a virtual tutor and engage in one-on-one tutoring sessions or even host Webinars to help people directly with any number of topics. This is terrific for teaching people new languages. If you have a second-language skill, this might be the right option to generate some money quickly and easily.
Of course you could teach a number of things virtually. This could range from technical to non-technical skills. For example, you could use a site like VerbalPlanet to teach a language, or try to source clients directly through social media or other avenues and process their payments through PayPal.



Originally posted by R.L. Adams, a software engineer, serial entrepreneur, and author.

5 Quick Tips To Digest For Upcoming Bloggers

Are you new to blogging and need some really down to earth advice on how to go about it ? Here are 5 quick tips you must stick to be successful in the immediate and in the long run in this business:

#1-- Find your niche — Figure out what you're good at or what you want to be good at. You don't need to be an expert right now, but you do need to decide where you're going to fit in if you're at all serious about making serious cash in the long term.


#2-- Build a blog on a custom domain — Your blog is your virtual home. Without it, you've no place to filter all that traffic and people interested in what you have to say. But don't build a blog on a subdomain like yoursite.wordpress.com, create a blog with a custom domain like www.yoursite.com. If you are however a starter and you just want to learn the ropes and don't want to spend so much to start use blogger


#3-- Always add value — Adding value over time creates authority, and authority breeds trust, which in turn helps to grow your audience and readership. Without a significant following, you'll find it hard to gain any traction online. It simply takes time. 


#4-- Create an email list and treat them right — One of the best ways to make money online is by marketing to an actively-interested group of email subscribers. While most people think that email marketing is dead, that's far from the truth. This is your greatest potential source of income online. Think of it as your money tree. 


#5-- Don't sacrifice morals for a quick buck — At the outset, you'll want to do all sorts of things to make money online, but don't sacrifice your morals for a quick buck. Not only will you put people off, but you'll lose Google's trust. You also shouldn't concern yourself with things like Adsense or other ads on a blog before you have around 100,000 visitors per day. Yes, per day. 


And those are the 5 quick tips for blogging starters.

20+1 Sure & Legit Ways To Make Money Online 1


You have probably been hearing about people making money online and you wish to do so too but don't know how. Here are 20 sure and legit ways you too can make this money

 #1 — Build A Blog
One of the most exhaustive endeavors when it comes to making money online is to build a blog. But we all know that building a blog with real readership is difficult. It takes a lot of work. And I'm speaking from experience. However, once you reach a certain point, the progress and momentum sways in your favor and it becomes far easier.
Blogs can easily generate tens of thousands of dollars to hundreds of thousands of dollars per month when done right. Yes, that much. But it won't be easy to get there. However, looking back on it, a year from now you'll wish you started today. So why wait another moment?
#2 — Sell Audiobooks With Audible
I've been in the audiobook-selling business for some time now and have over 3 dozen titles to my name. I know a thing or two about audiobooks. And, what I've noticed recently is that audiobooks are growing in popularity as their digital-ebook counterparts are becoming less and less popular.
People are turning to audio and visuals when it comes to technical subjects. However, you should consider doing an ebook first and turning it into an audiobook through a resource like Audible's ACX platform. You can hire a producer either through a royalty share program, so you don't have to shell out upfront cash, or you can do a pay-per-hour hire as well.
#3 — Write And Sell An Ebook 
If you have a propensity for writing and you can slay with your prose, consider writing an ebook. While the market has certainly become saturated as of late, books that help teach people about a technical topic still sell extremely well. This is a great source of passive income but does require a large amount of effort at the outset before any money is generated.
You can sell your ebooks through Amazon's Kindle program or Apple's iTunes Connect, which gives you access to a large majority of the digital-book reading market and the barriers for entry are incredibly low. You don't need to invest lots of money to make this happen, but you do need to invest lots of time, not only in writing the ebooks, but in marketing them as well.
#4 — Create An App 
Yes, this is far more technical. Unless you have the right app-development skills, doing this is going to be a significant undertaking. But, apps are also a great source of passive income when done the right way. You can reach a massive audience of smartphone users by building a great app.
However, like anything else truly worthwhile, apps require a significant investment of your time or money upfront. If you don't have the skills, then you have to hire someone who can assist you in creating a great app. But first you need to come up with an idea that will sell. Do the proper market research and analytics to come up with the right app.
#5 — Offer Gigs On Fiverr
If you have some professional experience in graphic design, accounting, social media marketing, web development or SEO training, for example, you could offer gigs on Fiverr starting at $5 per job. You could perform a valuable service that you could also up-sell to make more money per gig.
Fiverr is one of the biggest providers in the gig economy on the web and you can sell a wide variety of services and products through this medium. Do the research and find out what you can offer. However, keep in mind that like any other money-making task, it takes time to succeed here. And stellar reviews will help you generate more and more income over time.
#6 — Use Mechanical Turk
Mechanical Turk is Amazon's take on micro-jobs. These are small miniscule-jobs that you can do for other people, which they call HITs, or Human Intelligence Tasks. These are super simple tasks that anyone can do. Some examples are listing off some URLs with certain kinds of images for one cent, or recording a few phrases with a microphone for 6 cents.
Yes, they don't pay much, but if you string together hundreds of well-paying HITs, you can make a bit of money quickly online if you're in a crunch for cash. Also, it's important to note that you can also employ people with HITs to help you with whatever micro-tasks you might have
#7  — Sell Professional Services On Upwork or 99Designs
Upwork and 99Designs are two of the biggest resources for selling just about any professional service under the sun. If you have extensive experience in a field, you might want to consider selling your services through one of these sites. 99Designs only applies to graphic design while Upwork applies to nearly every other professional service.
However, like anything else, the beginning will be difficult. Before you have a significant track record and extensive reviews, sourcing work in one of these highly-competitive platforms will be difficult. Find the most successful people in your niche and try to model your approach and online profile after theirs.
# 8— Auction Items On Ebay
Ebay is a bellwether. It's been around since nearly the start of the online boom. But, like any other platform, success can seem fleeting if you don't know what you're doing. Selling items on eBay, professionally that is, can be an art form. Getting people interested in your auctions isn't always easy, especially when there's hefty competition and low demand for what you're selling.
Like anything else, you need to do the proper research, but you can make significant amounts of money as an eBay Power Seller. Find the most successful eBay sellers in your niche and model after their success. Find all of their listings and see just how they list the items that they're selling.
#9 — Rent Your Home On AirBnB
Rent your entire home or just a room on AirBnB. This is a simple and effective way to make money online, especially in the short term. While you won't get rich doing this, you can generate thousands of dollars per month for the right place. And, if you live in a sought-after vacation destination, then you're certainly in luck.
Research other listings in your city on AirBnB and see what the going rate is for a place like yours. You could also just rent out a private room as well or even a bed in a shared room. In fact, that's how AirBnB got its start. However, you might find it hard in the beginning without reviews, but as long as you take really good care of your guests and provide a lot of value, the reviews will eventually come rolling in.
#10 — Email Marketing
Email marketing is at the heart of every successful endeavor on the web. For those serious about making money online, email marketing is certainly where it's at. But it has to be done the right way. Before you even try to market anything to anyone via an email list, be sure that they're people that subscribed and opted in directly to you.When you try to market to people via email out of the blue, you won't find as much success. But, if those email subscribers are actively and keenly interested in what you have to say, and they signed up directly through your blog or site, your success rates will be much higher.
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